from a Ghost-Server heading to group of computers on the network and PC1 could be one of them. The following figure shows a Multicast Frame message, e.g. Multicast frame used in special cases for a specific group of computers.
MAC ETHERNET CAPLE MAC
PC1 in the following figure creates a new IP packet indicating this time Web-Server’s IP address as destination IP address (172.16.10.20), and encapsulates the IP packet inside a Frame heading to R3’s MAC address as next-hop since PC1 knows now the R3 MAC address. PC1 sends broadcast frame using ARP Message Request, creates an IP packet indicating R3’s IP Address (192.168.1.1) as destination (which is known to PC1 through DHCP or Static IP configuration), and encapsulates the packet inside a frame indicating an ARP Message Request as Broadcast address () inside the frame.Īfter receiving an ARP Reply Message and learning R3’s MAC address, PC1 can now use R3 as next hop for outside routing, and can create an IP Packet destined to Web-server’s IP address. In order to learn R3 MAC address, PC1 announces or broadcast through Address Resolution Protocol (ARP). How would PC1 figure out R3’s Unicast MAC Address for the first time? Note: Unicast Address is the mostly used Media Access Control Address among network devices. It is a 12-digit Hexadecimal with most of the time carries the following value, this is an official (IANA) Multicast address. To a specific group – Frames sent using Multicast Ethernet address will be copied and forwarded to a subset of devices on the LAN that volunteers to receive such frames which sent to a specific multicast address – for specific group only and NOT to everyone. Meaning to everyone – Frames sent using this address should be delivered, received, and processed by all devices on the Ethernet LAN or VLAN.īroadcast conclude 12-digit Hexadecimal address with value of inserted into the destination filed of the Frame. So the IEEE defines categories of group addresses for Ethernet communications: A frame sent to a group of addresses might be delivered to a small set of devices on the LAN, or even to all devices (everyone) on the LAN.
Group addresses identify more than one LAN interface card. In addition to unicast addresses, Ethernet also uses group addresses. Every MAC address represent a single NIC in the world hence, it is called Unicast (Unique) Global Address.
MAC ETHERNET CAPLE FOR MAC
Is another name for MAC address or an Ethernet Address. 18: 40: 58: 76: 90: hh (Linux Way of Displaying MAC Address).
90cc (Cisco Way of Displaying MAC Address) No matter what it’s called, it is a 12-character hexadecimal Address. When vendors create network devices such Ethernet NICs, wireless devices, routers, and switches, they burn-in these addresses into their devices.Ī MAC address has few names, including P hysical Address, Ethernet Address, Burned-in Address, and Hardware Address. 2001.1111.1111Īn Ethernet MAC address is a hardware address, therefore, it MUST uniquely identifies every Ethernet device in the world. Most computers list this address as 12-digit Hexadecimal numbers. The moment you hear MAC address, think Ethernet is being used regardless of the Media (cable type) is being used between the devices such Copper, Fiber cables, or even over Wireless radio wave.Īll Ethernet addresses (Including Unicast, Broadcast, and Multicast) are 6-byte-long ( 48-bit-Long) or 12-character Hexadecimal Address. So, if Network Layer package Packets using IP Addressing system which is a logical Addressing system, then Ethernet frames or load those packets using a physical Addressing system that meant on the hardware level.Įach network device in this world get its own unique 48bit MAC Address which will be used only by Ethernet Technology. Understanding Ethernet MAC Addresses will help you grasp how Ethernet transfer frames filled with packets across network devices using MAC Addresses format.
Media Access Control meant to to be a Physical Hardware Address System used by Ethernet. Understanding Quality of Service Concept.Understanding Application Layer Services.Understanding IP Routing Process Concept.
Understanding Data Link Layer Encapsulation.Understanding Packet Flow Across the Network Part2.Understanding Packet Flow Across the Network Part1.